Misc

GitHub Repo Index

An index of my GitHub repositories.

  • CV
    • GAN:
    • Stable Diffusion:
Hardware

Cloudtop Collection

A collection of my personal cloudtop devices.

  • songzy.cc
    • US
    • DigitalOcean
    • NameCheap
  • songzy.xyz
    • Japan
    • Vultr
    • NameCheap
  • songzy.cool
    • Korean
    • Vultr
    • NameCheap
  • maomaosenlin.cc
    • China
    • Tencent Cloud
    • Tencent Cloud
Tool

Octopress 3.0

Basic usage of Octopress.

Install

rbenv

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sudo apt install rbenv
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git clone https://github.com/rbenv/ruby-build.git "$(rbenv root)"/plugins/ruby-build
CFLAGS="-Wno-error=implicit-function-declaration -Wcompound-token-split-by-macro" rbenv install 2.7.1

Then, append the following configs into your ~/.zshrc:

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export PATH="$HOME/.rbenv/bin:$PATH"
eval "$(rbenv init -)"
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rbenv versions
rbenv local 2.7.1
rbenv local --unset

Gemfile

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source "https://gems.ruby-china.com"

gem "jekyll", "~> 3.8.4"
gem 'octopress', '~> 3.0.0'
gem "minima", "~> 2.0"

group :jekyll_plugins do
  gem "jekyll-feed", "~> 0.6"
end

gem 'rdiscount', '~> 2.0'
gem 'sinatra', '~> 1.4.2'
gem "tzinfo-data", platforms: [:mingw, :mswin, :x64_mingw, :jruby]
gem "wdm", "~> 0.1.0" if Gem.win_platform?

Bundler

https://bundler.io/guides/getting_started.html

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bundle install
bundle clean --force

bundle update --bundler

Usage

new post

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bundle exec octopress new post hello -D Ruby

build

Here we set JEKYLL_ENV=production to enable google_analytics and disqus.

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export JEKYLL_ENV=production
bundle exec jekyll serve

deploy

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bundle exec jekyll build
bundle exec octopress deploy

在 _config.yml(default) 中配置了 jekyll build 时将静态文件生成到哪里：

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source              : .
destination         : ./_site

在 _deploy.yml 中配置了 octopress deploy 时将存放在哪里的静态文件发布到哪里：

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site_dir: _site                           # Location of your static site files.

# Note on git_branch:
# If using GitHub project pages, set the branch to 'gh-pages'.
# For GitHub user/organization pages or Heroku, set the branch to 'master'.
#
git_branch: master                        # Git branch where static site files are commited

在 GitHub Pages Settings 里配置了 GitHub 用于网页渲染的静态文件来源：

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Your GitHub Pages site is currently being built from the master branch. Learn more.

source

源码和网站是在同一个 repo 的不同 branch 底下的。

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git add .
git commit -m "$(date)"
git push origin source

Theme

https://jekyllrb.com/docs/themes/

https://github.com/jekyll/minima

layouts

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ls $(bundle show minima)/_layouts
ls $(bundle show minima)/_includes
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vi $(bundle show minima)/_includes/header.html
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vi $(bundle show minima)/_includes/footer.html

Extension

disqus

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disqus:
  shortname: my_disqus_shortname

google_analytics

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google_analytics: UA-NNNNNNNN-N

Config

_config.yml

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title:  Secret Base
author: Zhengyang Song
email: songzy.thu@gmail.com
description: >- # this means to ignore newlines until "baseurl:"
  All those little bugs I have ever met.
baseurl: "" # the subpath of your site, e.g. /blog
url: "http://songzy12.github.io" # the base hostname & protocol for your site, e.g. http://example.com
github_username:  songzy12

# Default extension for new posts and pages
post_ext: md
page_ext: html

# Default templates for posts and pages
# Found in _templates/
post_layout: post
page_layout: page

# Format titles with titlecase?
titlecase: true

# Change default template file (in _templates/)
post_template: post
page_template: page
draft_template: draft

# Build settings
markdown: rdiscount
rdiscount:
  extensions:
    - autolink
    - footnotes
    - smart
theme: minima
plugins:
  - jekyll-feed

header_pages:
  - about.md

show_excerpts: true

google_analytics: UA-147981013-1

disqus:
  shortname: songzy12-github-io
Linux

Desktop Environment

Basic knowledge about desktop environments.

GNOME

KDE

XFCE

Window Manager

X11/X.org => Wayland

Display Manager / Login Manager

  • GNOME <=> GDM
  • KDE <=> SDDM
  • XFCE <=> LightDM
Tool

ZSH

Basic usage of zsh.

https://github.com/ohmyzsh/ohmyzsh/wiki/Themes

To view all avaliable zsh themes:

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ls $ZSH/themes/

To set zsh theme:

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ZSH_THEME=random

ZSH_THEME_RANDOM_CANDIDATES=( "robbyrussell" "risto" "candy" )

To view the current selected random theme:

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echo $RANDOM_THEME

To view the config of a specific zsh theme:

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vi $ZSH/themes/robbyrussell.zsh-theme
Hardware - GPU

T470 Ubuntu GPU

Enable GPU on ThinkPad T470, which runs Kubuntu.

Graphic Card

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$ lspci              
00:00.0 Host bridge: Intel Corporation Xeon E3-1200 v6/7th Gen Core Processor Host Bridge/DRAM Registers (rev 02)
00:02.0 VGA compatible controller: Intel Corporation HD Graphics 620 (rev 02)
00:14.0 USB controller: Intel Corporation Sunrise Point-LP USB 3.0 xHCI Controller (rev 21)
00:14.2 Signal processing controller: Intel Corporation Sunrise Point-LP Thermal subsystem (rev 21)
00:16.0 Communication controller: Intel Corporation Sunrise Point-LP CSME HECI #1 (rev 21)
00:17.0 SATA controller: Intel Corporation Sunrise Point-LP SATA Controller [AHCI mode] (rev 21)
00:1c.0 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation Sunrise Point-LP PCI Express Root Port #1 (rev f1)
00:1c.6 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation Sunrise Point-LP PCI Express Root Port #7 (rev f1)
00:1d.0 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation Sunrise Point-LP PCI Express Root Port #9 (rev f1)
00:1f.0 ISA bridge: Intel Corporation Sunrise Point-LP LPC Controller (rev 21)
00:1f.2 Memory controller: Intel Corporation Sunrise Point-LP PMC (rev 21)
00:1f.3 Audio device: Intel Corporation Sunrise Point-LP HD Audio (rev 21)
00:1f.4 SMBus: Intel Corporation Sunrise Point-LP SMBus (rev 21)
00:1f.6 Ethernet controller: Intel Corporation Ethernet Connection (4) I219-V (rev 21)
02:00.0 3D controller: NVIDIA Corporation GM108M [GeForce 940MX] (rev a2)
04:00.0 Network controller: Intel Corporation Wireless 8265 / 8275 (rev 78)
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$ lspci -s 02:00.0 -v

02:00.0 3D controller: NVIDIA Corporation GM108M [GeForce 940MX] (rev a2)
	Subsystem: Lenovo GM108M [GeForce 940MX]
	Flags: bus master, fast devsel, latency 0, IRQ 133, IOMMU group 9
	Memory at ec000000 (32-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=16M]
	Memory at 90000000 (64-bit, prefetchable) [size=256M]
	Memory at a0000000 (64-bit, prefetchable) [size=32M]
	I/O ports at d000 [size=128]
	Expansion ROM at <ignored> [disabled]
	Capabilities: <access denied>
	Kernel driver in use: nouveau
	Kernel modules: nouveau

GeForce 940MX.

The Nvidia GeForce 940MX is a mid-range laptop graphics card with DirectX 12 support (FL 11_0). It has been announced in the first quarter of 2016 and is the refresh of the GeForce 940M. Compared to the older card, the new one is based on the same chip but now supports faster GDDR5.

https://www.nvidia.com/en-us/geforce/gaming-laptops/geforce-940mx/

Compute Capability

https://developer.nvidia.com/cuda-gpus

GeForce 940M 5.0

https://docs.nvidia.com/cuda/cuda-c-programming-guide/index.html#compute-capabilities

Driver

https://docs.nvidia.com/datacenter/tesla/tesla-installation-notes/index.html

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sudo apt-get install linux-headers-$(uname -r)
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distribution=$(. /etc/os-release;echo $ID$VERSION_ID | sed -e 's/\.//g')

wget https://developer.download.nvidia.com/compute/cuda/repos/$distribution/x86_64/cuda-keyring_1.0-1_all.deb

sudo dpkg -i cuda-keyring_1.0-1_all.deb
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sudo apt-get update

sudo apt-get -y install cuda-drivers

Verify

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$ lspci -s 02:00.0 -v

02:00.0 3D controller: NVIDIA Corporation GM108M [GeForce 940MX] (rev a2)
	Subsystem: Lenovo GM108M [GeForce 940MX]
	Flags: bus master, fast devsel, latency 0, IRQ 132, IOMMU group 9
	Memory at ec000000 (32-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=16M]
	Memory at 90000000 (64-bit, prefetchable) [size=256M]
	Memory at a0000000 (64-bit, prefetchable) [size=32M]
	I/O ports at d000 [size=128]
	Capabilities: <access denied>
	Kernel driver in use: nvidia
	Kernel modules: nvidia
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$ nvidia-smi

Mon Aug  7 23:06:26 2023       
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| NVIDIA-SMI 525.125.06   Driver Version: 525.125.06   CUDA Version: 12.0     |
|-------------------------------+----------------------+----------------------+
| GPU  Name        Persistence-M| Bus-Id        Disp.A | Volatile Uncorr. ECC |
| Fan  Temp  Perf  Pwr:Usage/Cap|         Memory-Usage | GPU-Util  Compute M. |
|                               |                      |               MIG M. |
|===============================+======================+======================|
|   0  NVIDIA GeForce ...  Off  | 00000000:02:00.0 Off |                  N/A |
| N/A   45C    P8    N/A /  N/A |      4MiB /  2048MiB |      0%      Default |
|                               |                      |                  N/A |
+-------------------------------+----------------------+----------------------+
                                                                               
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| Processes:                                                                  |
|  GPU   GI   CI        PID   Type   Process name                  GPU Memory |
|        ID   ID                                                   Usage      |
|=============================================================================|
|    0   N/A  N/A      2036      G   /usr/lib/xorg/Xorg                  2MiB |
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------+

Toolkit

https://developer.nvidia.com/cuda-downloads?target_os=Linux&target_arch=x86_64&Distribution=Ubuntu&target_version=22.04&target_type=deb_local

Network

V2Ray Client - Windows

Set up v2ray client on Windows.

https://github.com/2dust/v2rayN/releases

routing

config.json

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"routing": {
  "domainStrategy": "IPIfNonMatch",
  "rules": [
    {
      "type": "field",
      "inboundTag": [
        "api"
      ],
      "outboundTag": "api",
      "enabled": true
    },
    {
      "type": "field",
      "outboundTag": "block",
      "domain": [
        "geosite:category-ads-all"
      ],
      "enabled": true
    },
    {
      "type": "field",
      "outboundTag": "direct",
      "domain": [
        "geosite:cn"
      ],
      "enabled": true
    },
    {
      "type": "field",
      "outboundTag": "direct",
      "ip": [
        "geoip:private",
        "geoip:cn"
      ],
      "enabled": true
    },
    {
      "type": "field",
      "port": "0-65535",
      "outboundTag": "proxy",
      "enabled": true
    }
  ]
}

Domain strategy:

  • “AsIs”: Only use domain for routing. Default value.
  • “IPIfNonMatch”: When no rule matches current domain, V2Ray resolves it into IP addresses (A or AAAA records) and try all rules again.
    • If a domain has multiple IP addresses, V2Ray tries all of them.
    • The resolved IPs are only used for routing decisions, the traffic is still sent to original domain address.
  • “IPOnDemand”: As long as there is a IP-based rule, V2Ray resolves the domain into IP immediately.

guiNConfig.json

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"routings": [
  {
    "remarks": "仅大陆直连",
    "url": "",
    "rules": [
      {
        "type": null,
        "port": null,
        "inboundTag": null,
        "outboundTag": "block",
        "ip": null,
        "domain": [
          "geosite:category-ads-all"
        ],
        "protocol": null,
        "enabled": true
      },
      {
        "type": null,
        "port": null,
        "inboundTag": null,
        "outboundTag": "direct",
        "ip": null,
        "domain": [
          "geosite:cn"
        ],
        "protocol": null,
        "enabled": true
      },
      {
        "type": null,
        "port": null,
        "inboundTag": null,
        "outboundTag": "direct",
        "ip": [
          "geoip:private",
          "geoip:cn"
        ],
        "domain": null,
        "protocol": null,
        "enabled": true
      },
      {
        "type": null,
        "port": "0-65535",
        "inboundTag": null,
        "outboundTag": "proxy",
        "ip": null,
        "domain": null,
        "protocol": null,
        "enabled": true
      }
    ],
    "enabled": true,
    "locked": false,
    "customIcon": ""
  },
  {
    "remarks": "仅防火墙代理",
    "url": "",
    "rules": [
      {
        "type": null,
        "port": null,
        "inboundTag": null,
        "outboundTag": "direct",
        "ip": null,
        "domain": null,
        "protocol": [
          "bittorrent"
        ],
        "enabled": true
      },
      {
        "type": null,
        "port": null,
        "inboundTag": null,
        "outboundTag": "block",
        "ip": null,
        "domain": [
          "geosite:category-ads-all"
        ],
        "protocol": null,
        "enabled": true
      },
      {
        "type": null,
        "port": null,
        "inboundTag": null,
        "outboundTag": "proxy",
        "ip": [
          "geoip:telegram"
        ],
        "domain": [
          "geosite:gfw",
          "geosite:greatfire",
          "geosite:tld-!cn"
        ],
        "protocol": null,
        "enabled": true
      },
      {
        "type": null,
        "port": "0-65535",
        "inboundTag": null,
        "outboundTag": "direct",
        "ip": null,
        "domain": null,
        "protocol": null,
        "enabled": true
      }
    ],
    "enabled": true,
    "locked": false,
    "customIcon": ""
  },
  {
    "remarks": "全局代理",
    "url": "",
    "rules": [
      {
        "type": null,
        "port": "0-65535",
        "inboundTag": null,
        "outboundTag": "proxy",
        "ip": null,
        "domain": null,
        "protocol": null,
        "enabled": true
      }
    ],
    "enabled": true,
    "locked": false,
    "customIcon": ""
  }
]
Network

V2Ray Client - Ubuntu

Set up v2ray client on Ubuntu.

https://github.com/v2fly/fhs-install-v2ray

Install

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wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/v2fly/fhs-install-v2ray/master/install-release.sh

chmod +x install-release.sh

sudo ./install-release.sh

mirror download + local install

https://sourceforge.net/projects/v2fly-project-v.mirror/files/v5.5.0/v2ray-linux-64.zip/download

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sudo ./install-release.sh --local ~/Downloads/v2ray-linux-64.zip

Config

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sudo vi /usr/local/etc/v2ray/config.json

Run

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sudo systemctl status v2ray

sudo systemctl start v2ray
sudo systemctl stop v2ray

sudo systemctl enable v2ray
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sudo service v2ray status

sudo service v2ray start
sudo service v2ray stop

Appendix

install-release.sh

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#!/usr/bin/env bash
# shellcheck disable=SC2268

# The files installed by the script conform to the Filesystem Hierarchy Standard:
# https://wiki.linuxfoundation.org/lsb/fhs

# The URL of the script project is:
# https://github.com/v2fly/fhs-install-v2ray

# The URL of the script is:
# https://raw.githubusercontent.com/v2fly/fhs-install-v2ray/master/install-release.sh

# If the script executes incorrectly, go to:
# https://github.com/v2fly/fhs-install-v2ray/issues

# You can set this variable whatever you want in shell session right before running this script by issuing:
# export DAT_PATH='/usr/local/share/v2ray'
DAT_PATH=${DAT_PATH:-/usr/local/share/v2ray}

# You can set this variable whatever you want in shell session right before running this script by issuing:
# export JSON_PATH='/usr/local/etc/v2ray'
JSON_PATH=${JSON_PATH:-/usr/local/etc/v2ray}

# Set this variable only if you are starting v2ray with multiple configuration files:
# export JSONS_PATH='/usr/local/etc/v2ray'

# Set this variable only if you want this script to check all the systemd unit file:
# export check_all_service_files='yes'

curl() {
  $(type -P curl) -L -q --retry 5 --retry-delay 10 --retry-max-time 60 "$@"
}

systemd_cat_config() {
  if systemd-analyze --help | grep -qw 'cat-config'; then
    systemd-analyze --no-pager cat-config "$@"
    echo
  else
    echo "${aoi}~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~"
    cat "$@" "$1".d/*
    echo "${aoi}~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~"
    echo "${red}warning: ${green}The systemd version on the current operating system is too low."
    echo "${red}warning: ${green}Please consider to upgrade the systemd or the operating system.${reset}"
    echo
  fi
}

check_if_running_as_root() {
  # If you want to run as another user, please modify $UID to be owned by this user
  if [[ "$UID" -ne '0' ]]; then
    echo "WARNING: The user currently executing this script is not root. You may encounter the insufficient privilege error."
    read -r -p "Are you sure you want to continue? [y/n] " cont_without_been_root
    if [[ x"${cont_without_been_root:0:1}" = x'y' ]]; then
      echo "Continuing the installation with current user..."
    else
      echo "Not running with root, exiting..."
      exit 1
    fi
  fi
}

identify_the_operating_system_and_architecture() {
  if [[ "$(uname)" == 'Linux' ]]; then
    case "$(uname -m)" in
      'i386' | 'i686')
        MACHINE='32'
        ;;
      'amd64' | 'x86_64')
        MACHINE='64'
        ;;
      'armv5tel')
        MACHINE='arm32-v5'
        ;;
      'armv6l')
        MACHINE='arm32-v6'
        grep Features /proc/cpuinfo | grep -qw 'vfp' || MACHINE='arm32-v5'
        ;;
      'armv7' | 'armv7l')
        MACHINE='arm32-v7a'
        grep Features /proc/cpuinfo | grep -qw 'vfp' || MACHINE='arm32-v5'
        ;;
      'armv8' | 'aarch64')
        MACHINE='arm64-v8a'
        ;;
      'mips')
        MACHINE='mips32'
        ;;
      'mipsle')
        MACHINE='mips32le'
        ;;
      'mips64')
        MACHINE='mips64'
        ;;
      'mips64le')
        MACHINE='mips64le'
        ;;
      'ppc64')
        MACHINE='ppc64'
        ;;
      'ppc64le')
        MACHINE='ppc64le'
        ;;
      'riscv64')
        MACHINE='riscv64'
        ;;
      's390x')
        MACHINE='s390x'
        ;;
      *)
        echo "error: The architecture is not supported."
        exit 1
        ;;
    esac
    if [[ ! -f '/etc/os-release' ]]; then
      echo "error: Don't use outdated Linux distributions."
      exit 1
    fi
    # Do not combine this judgment condition with the following judgment condition.
    ## Be aware of Linux distribution like Gentoo, which kernel supports switch between Systemd and OpenRC.
    ### Refer: https://github.com/v2fly/fhs-install-v2ray/issues/84#issuecomment-688574989
    if [[ -f /.dockerenv ]] || grep -q 'docker\|lxc' /proc/1/cgroup && [[ "$(type -P systemctl)" ]]; then
      true
    elif [[ -d /run/systemd/system ]] || grep -q systemd <(ls -l /sbin/init); then
      true
    else
      echo "error: Only Linux distributions using systemd are supported."
      exit 1
    fi
    if [[ "$(type -P apt)" ]]; then
      PACKAGE_MANAGEMENT_INSTALL='apt -y --no-install-recommends install'
      PACKAGE_MANAGEMENT_REMOVE='apt purge'
      package_provide_tput='ncurses-bin'
    elif [[ "$(type -P dnf)" ]]; then
      PACKAGE_MANAGEMENT_INSTALL='dnf -y install'
      PACKAGE_MANAGEMENT_REMOVE='dnf remove'
      package_provide_tput='ncurses'
    elif [[ "$(type -P yum)" ]]; then
      PACKAGE_MANAGEMENT_INSTALL='yum -y install'
      PACKAGE_MANAGEMENT_REMOVE='yum remove'
      package_provide_tput='ncurses'
    elif [[ "$(type -P zypper)" ]]; then
      PACKAGE_MANAGEMENT_INSTALL='zypper install -y --no-recommends'
      PACKAGE_MANAGEMENT_REMOVE='zypper remove'
      package_provide_tput='ncurses-utils'
    elif [[ "$(type -P pacman)" ]]; then
      PACKAGE_MANAGEMENT_INSTALL='pacman -Syu --noconfirm'
      PACKAGE_MANAGEMENT_REMOVE='pacman -Rsn'
      package_provide_tput='ncurses'
    else
      echo "error: The script does not support the package manager in this operating system."
      exit 1
    fi
  else
    echo "error: This operating system is not supported."
    exit 1
  fi
}

## Demo function for processing parameters
judgment_parameters() {
  while [[ "$#" -gt '0' ]]; do
    case "$1" in
      '--remove')
        if [[ "$#" -gt '1' ]]; then
          echo 'error: Please enter the correct parameters.'
          exit 1
        fi
        REMOVE='1'
        ;;
      '--version')
        VERSION="${2:?error: Please specify the correct version.}"
        break
        ;;
      '-c' | '--check')
        CHECK='1'
        break
        ;;
      '-f' | '--force')
        FORCE='1'
        break
        ;;
      '-h' | '--help')
        HELP='1'
        break
        ;;
      '-l' | '--local')
        LOCAL_INSTALL='1'
        LOCAL_FILE="${2:?error: Please specify the correct local file.}"
        break
        ;;
      '-p' | '--proxy')
        if [[ -z "${2:?error: Please specify the proxy server address.}" ]]; then
          exit 1
        fi
        PROXY="$2"
        shift
        ;;
      *)
        echo "$0: unknown option -- -"
        exit 1
        ;;
    esac
    shift
  done
}

install_software() {
  package_name="$1"
  file_to_detect="$2"
  type -P "$file_to_detect" > /dev/null 2>&1 && return
  if ${PACKAGE_MANAGEMENT_INSTALL} "$package_name"; then
    echo "info: $package_name is installed."
  else
    echo "error: Installation of $package_name failed, please check your network."
    exit 1
  fi
}

get_current_version() {
  if /usr/local/bin/v2ray -version > /dev/null 2>&1; then
    VERSION="$(/usr/local/bin/v2ray -version | awk 'NR==1 {print $2}')"
  else
    VERSION="$(/usr/local/bin/v2ray version | awk 'NR==1 {print $2}')"
  fi
  CURRENT_VERSION="v${VERSION#v}"
}

get_version() {
  # 0: Install or update V2Ray.
  # 1: Installed or no new version of V2Ray.
  # 2: Install the specified version of V2Ray.
  if [[ -n "$VERSION" ]]; then
    RELEASE_VERSION="v${VERSION#v}"
    return 2
  fi
  # Determine the version number for V2Ray installed from a local file
  if [[ -f '/usr/local/bin/v2ray' ]]; then
    get_current_version
    if [[ "$LOCAL_INSTALL" -eq '1' ]]; then
      RELEASE_VERSION="$CURRENT_VERSION"
      return
    fi
  fi
  # Get V2Ray release version number
  TMP_FILE="$(mktemp)"
  if ! curl -x "${PROXY}" -sS -i -H "Accept: application/vnd.github.v3+json" -o "$TMP_FILE" 'https://api.github.com/repos/v2fly/v2ray-core/releases/latest'; then
    "rm" "$TMP_FILE"
    echo 'error: Failed to get release list, please check your network.'
    exit 1
  fi
  HTTP_STATUS_CODE=$(awk 'NR==1 {print $2}' "$TMP_FILE")
  if [[ $HTTP_STATUS_CODE -lt 200 ]] || [[ $HTTP_STATUS_CODE -gt 299 ]]; then
    "rm" "$TMP_FILE"
    echo "error: Failed to get release list, GitHub API response code: $HTTP_STATUS_CODE"
    exit 1
  fi
  RELEASE_LATEST="$(sed 'y/,/\n/' "$TMP_FILE" | grep 'tag_name' | awk -F '"' '{print $4}')"
  "rm" "$TMP_FILE"
  RELEASE_VERSION="v${RELEASE_LATEST#v}"
  # Compare V2Ray version numbers
  if [[ "$RELEASE_VERSION" != "$CURRENT_VERSION" ]]; then
    RELEASE_VERSIONSION_NUMBER="${RELEASE_VERSION#v}"
    RELEASE_MAJOR_VERSION_NUMBER="${RELEASE_VERSIONSION_NUMBER%%.*}"
    RELEASE_MINOR_VERSION_NUMBER="$(echo "$RELEASE_VERSIONSION_NUMBER" | awk -F '.' '{print $2}')"
    RELEASE_MINIMUM_VERSION_NUMBER="${RELEASE_VERSIONSION_NUMBER##*.}"
    # shellcheck disable=SC2001
    CURRENT_VERSION_NUMBER="$(echo "${CURRENT_VERSION#v}" | sed 's/-.*//')"
    CURRENT_MAJOR_VERSION_NUMBER="${CURRENT_VERSION_NUMBER%%.*}"
    CURRENT_MINOR_VERSION_NUMBER="$(echo "$CURRENT_VERSION_NUMBER" | awk -F '.' '{print $2}')"
    CURRENT_MINIMUM_VERSION_NUMBER="${CURRENT_VERSION_NUMBER##*.}"
    if [[ "$RELEASE_MAJOR_VERSION_NUMBER" -gt "$CURRENT_MAJOR_VERSION_NUMBER" ]]; then
      return 0
    elif [[ "$RELEASE_MAJOR_VERSION_NUMBER" -eq "$CURRENT_MAJOR_VERSION_NUMBER" ]]; then
      if [[ "$RELEASE_MINOR_VERSION_NUMBER" -gt "$CURRENT_MINOR_VERSION_NUMBER" ]]; then
        return 0
      elif [[ "$RELEASE_MINOR_VERSION_NUMBER" -eq "$CURRENT_MINOR_VERSION_NUMBER" ]]; then
        if [[ "$RELEASE_MINIMUM_VERSION_NUMBER" -gt "$CURRENT_MINIMUM_VERSION_NUMBER" ]]; then
          return 0
        else
          return 1
        fi
      else
        return 1
      fi
    else
      return 1
    fi
  elif [[ "$RELEASE_VERSION" == "$CURRENT_VERSION" ]]; then
    return 1
  fi
}

download_v2ray() {
  DOWNLOAD_LINK="https://github.com/v2fly/v2ray-core/releases/download/$RELEASE_VERSION/v2ray-linux-$MACHINE.zip"
  echo "Downloading V2Ray archive: $DOWNLOAD_LINK"
  if ! curl -x "${PROXY}" -R -H 'Cache-Control: no-cache' -o "$ZIP_FILE" "$DOWNLOAD_LINK"; then
    echo 'error: Download failed! Please check your network or try again.'
    return 1
  fi
  echo "Downloading verification file for V2Ray archive: $DOWNLOAD_LINK.dgst"
  if ! curl -x "${PROXY}" -sSR -H 'Cache-Control: no-cache' -o "$ZIP_FILE.dgst" "$DOWNLOAD_LINK.dgst"; then
    echo 'error: Download failed! Please check your network or try again.'
    return 1
  fi
  if [[ "$(cat "$ZIP_FILE".dgst)" == 'Not Found' ]]; then
    echo 'error: This version does not support verification. Please replace with another version.'
    return 1
  fi

  # Verification of V2Ray archive
  CHECKSUM=$(awk -F '= ' '/256=/ {print $2}' < "${ZIP_FILE}.dgst")
  LOCALSUM=$(sha256sum "$ZIP_FILE" | awk '{printf $1}')
  if [[ "$CHECKSUM" != "$LOCALSUM" ]]; then
    echo 'error: SHA256 check failed! Please check your network or try again.'
    return 1
  fi
}

decompression() {
  if ! unzip -q "$1" -d "$TMP_DIRECTORY"; then
    echo 'error: V2Ray decompression failed.'
    "rm" -r "$TMP_DIRECTORY"
    echo "removed: $TMP_DIRECTORY"
    exit 1
  fi
  echo "info: Extract the V2Ray package to $TMP_DIRECTORY and prepare it for installation."
}

install_file() {
  NAME="$1"
  if [[ "$NAME" == 'v2ray' ]] || [[ "$NAME" == 'v2ctl' ]]; then
    install -m 755 "${TMP_DIRECTORY}/$NAME" "/usr/local/bin/$NAME"
  elif [[ "$NAME" == 'geoip.dat' ]] || [[ "$NAME" == 'geosite.dat' ]]; then
    install -m 644 "${TMP_DIRECTORY}/$NAME" "${DAT_PATH}/$NAME"
  fi
}

install_v2ray() {
  # Install V2Ray binary to /usr/local/bin/ and $DAT_PATH
  install_file v2ray
  if [[ -f "${TMP_DIRECTORY}/v2ctl" ]]; then
    install_file v2ctl
  else
    if [[ -f '/usr/local/bin/v2ctl' ]]; then
      rm '/usr/local/bin/v2ctl'
    fi
  fi
  install -d "$DAT_PATH"
  # If the file exists, geoip.dat and geosite.dat will not be installed or updated
  if [[ ! -f "${DAT_PATH}/.undat" ]]; then
    install_file geoip.dat
    install_file geosite.dat
  fi

  # Install V2Ray configuration file to $JSON_PATH
  # shellcheck disable=SC2153
  if [[ -z "$JSONS_PATH" ]] && [[ ! -d "$JSON_PATH" ]]; then
    install -d "$JSON_PATH"
    echo "{}" > "${JSON_PATH}/config.json"
    CONFIG_NEW='1'
  fi

  # Install V2Ray configuration file to $JSONS_PATH
  if [[ -n "$JSONS_PATH" ]] && [[ ! -d "$JSONS_PATH" ]]; then
    install -d "$JSONS_PATH"
    for BASE in 00_log 01_api 02_dns 03_routing 04_policy 05_inbounds 06_outbounds 07_transport 08_stats 09_reverse; do
      echo '{}' > "${JSONS_PATH}/${BASE}.json"
    done
    CONFDIR='1'
  fi

  # Used to store V2Ray log files
  if [[ ! -d '/var/log/v2ray/' ]]; then
    if id nobody | grep -qw 'nogroup'; then
      install -d -m 700 -o nobody -g nogroup /var/log/v2ray/
      install -m 600 -o nobody -g nogroup /dev/null /var/log/v2ray/access.log
      install -m 600 -o nobody -g nogroup /dev/null /var/log/v2ray/error.log
    else
      install -d -m 700 -o nobody -g nobody /var/log/v2ray/
      install -m 600 -o nobody -g nobody /dev/null /var/log/v2ray/access.log
      install -m 600 -o nobody -g nobody /dev/null /var/log/v2ray/error.log
    fi
    LOG='1'
  fi
}

install_startup_service_file() {
  get_current_version
  if [[ "$(echo "${CURRENT_VERSION#v}" | sed 's/-.*//' | awk -F'.' '{print $1}')" -gt "4" ]]; then
    START_COMMAND="/usr/local/bin/v2ray run"
  else
    START_COMMAND="/usr/local/bin/v2ray"
  fi
  install -m 644 "${TMP_DIRECTORY}/systemd/system/v2ray.service" /etc/systemd/system/v2ray.service
  install -m 644 "${TMP_DIRECTORY}/systemd/system/v2ray@.service" /etc/systemd/system/v2ray@.service
  mkdir -p '/etc/systemd/system/v2ray.service.d'
  mkdir -p '/etc/systemd/system/v2ray@.service.d/'
  if [[ -n "$JSONS_PATH" ]]; then
    "rm" -f '/etc/systemd/system/v2ray.service.d/10-donot_touch_single_conf.conf' \
      '/etc/systemd/system/v2ray@.service.d/10-donot_touch_single_conf.conf'
    echo "# In case you have a good reason to do so, duplicate this file in the same directory and make your customizes there.
# Or all changes you made will be lost!  # Refer: https://www.freedesktop.org/software/systemd/man/systemd.unit.html
[Service]
ExecStart=
ExecStart=${START_COMMAND} -confdir $JSONS_PATH" |
      tee '/etc/systemd/system/v2ray.service.d/10-donot_touch_multi_conf.conf' > '/etc/systemd/system/v2ray@.service.d/10-donot_touch_multi_conf.conf'
  else
    "rm" -f '/etc/systemd/system/v2ray.service.d/10-donot_touch_multi_conf.conf' \
      '/etc/systemd/system/v2ray@.service.d/10-donot_touch_multi_conf.conf'
    echo "# In case you have a good reason to do so, duplicate this file in the same directory and make your customizes there.
# Or all changes you made will be lost!  # Refer: https://www.freedesktop.org/software/systemd/man/systemd.unit.html
[Service]
ExecStart=
ExecStart=${START_COMMAND} -config ${JSON_PATH}/config.json" > '/etc/systemd/system/v2ray.service.d/10-donot_touch_single_conf.conf'
    echo "# In case you have a good reason to do so, duplicate this file in the same directory and make your customizes there.
# Or all changes you made will be lost!  # Refer: https://www.freedesktop.org/software/systemd/man/systemd.unit.html
[Service]
ExecStart=
ExecStart=${START_COMMAND} -config ${JSON_PATH}/%i.json" > '/etc/systemd/system/v2ray@.service.d/10-donot_touch_single_conf.conf'
  fi
  echo "info: Systemd service files have been installed successfully!"
  echo "${red}warning: ${green}The following are the actual parameters for the v2ray service startup."
  echo "${red}warning: ${green}Please make sure the configuration file path is correctly set.${reset}"
  systemd_cat_config /etc/systemd/system/v2ray.service
  # shellcheck disable=SC2154
  if [[ x"${check_all_service_files:0:1}" = x'y' ]]; then
    echo
    echo
    systemd_cat_config /etc/systemd/system/v2ray@.service
  fi
  systemctl daemon-reload
  SYSTEMD='1'
}

start_v2ray() {
  if [[ -f '/etc/systemd/system/v2ray.service' ]]; then
    if systemctl start "${V2RAY_CUSTOMIZE:-v2ray}"; then
      echo 'info: Start the V2Ray service.'
    else
      echo 'error: Failed to start V2Ray service.'
      exit 1
    fi
  fi
}

stop_v2ray() {
  V2RAY_CUSTOMIZE="$(systemctl list-units | grep 'v2ray@' | awk -F ' ' '{print $1}')"
  if [[ -z "$V2RAY_CUSTOMIZE" ]]; then
    local v2ray_daemon_to_stop='v2ray.service'
  else
    local v2ray_daemon_to_stop="$V2RAY_CUSTOMIZE"
  fi
  if ! systemctl stop "$v2ray_daemon_to_stop"; then
    echo 'error: Stopping the V2Ray service failed.'
    exit 1
  fi
  echo 'info: Stop the V2Ray service.'
}

check_update() {
  if [[ -f '/etc/systemd/system/v2ray.service' ]]; then
    get_version
    local get_ver_exit_code=$?
    if [[ "$get_ver_exit_code" -eq '0' ]]; then
      echo "info: Found the latest release of V2Ray $RELEASE_VERSION . (Current release: $CURRENT_VERSION)"
    elif [[ "$get_ver_exit_code" -eq '1' ]]; then
      echo "info: No new version. The current version of V2Ray is $CURRENT_VERSION ."
    fi
    exit 0
  else
    echo 'error: V2Ray is not installed.'
    exit 1
  fi
}

remove_v2ray() {
  if systemctl list-unit-files | grep -qw 'v2ray'; then
    if [[ -n "$(pidof v2ray)" ]]; then
      stop_v2ray
    fi
    if ! ("rm" -r '/usr/local/bin/v2ray' \
      "$DAT_PATH" \
      '/etc/systemd/system/v2ray.service' \
      '/etc/systemd/system/v2ray@.service' \
      '/etc/systemd/system/v2ray.service.d' \
      '/etc/systemd/system/v2ray@.service.d'); then
      echo 'error: Failed to remove V2Ray.'
      exit 1
    else
      echo 'removed: /usr/local/bin/v2ray'
      if [[ -f '/usr/local/bin/v2ctl' ]]; then
        rm '/usr/local/bin/v2ctl'
        echo 'removed: /usr/local/bin/v2ctl'
      fi
      echo "removed: $DAT_PATH"
      echo 'removed: /etc/systemd/system/v2ray.service'
      echo 'removed: /etc/systemd/system/v2ray@.service'
      echo 'removed: /etc/systemd/system/v2ray.service.d'
      echo 'removed: /etc/systemd/system/v2ray@.service.d'
      echo 'Please execute the command: systemctl disable v2ray'
      echo "You may need to execute a command to remove dependent software: $PACKAGE_MANAGEMENT_REMOVE curl unzip"
      echo 'info: V2Ray has been removed.'
      echo 'info: If necessary, manually delete the configuration and log files.'
      if [[ -n "$JSONS_PATH" ]]; then
        echo "info: e.g., $JSONS_PATH and /var/log/v2ray/ ..."
      else
        echo "info: e.g., $JSON_PATH and /var/log/v2ray/ ..."
      fi
      exit 0
    fi
  else
    echo 'error: V2Ray is not installed.'
    exit 1
  fi
}

# Explanation of parameters in the script
show_help() {
  echo "usage: $0 [--remove | --version number | -c | -f | -h | -l | -p]"
  echo '  [-p address] [--version number | -c | -f]'
  echo '  --remove        Remove V2Ray'
  echo '  --version       Install the specified version of V2Ray, e.g., --version v4.18.0'
  echo '  -c, --check     Check if V2Ray can be updated'
  echo '  -f, --force     Force installation of the latest version of V2Ray'
  echo '  -h, --help      Show help'
  echo '  -l, --local     Install V2Ray from a local file'
  echo '  -p, --proxy     Download through a proxy server, e.g., -p http://127.0.0.1:8118 or -p socks5://127.0.0.1:1080'
  exit 0
}

main() {
  check_if_running_as_root
  identify_the_operating_system_and_architecture
  judgment_parameters "$@"

  install_software "$package_provide_tput" 'tput'
  red=$(tput setaf 1)
  green=$(tput setaf 2)
  aoi=$(tput setaf 6)
  reset=$(tput sgr0)

  # Parameter information
  [[ "$HELP" -eq '1' ]] && show_help
  [[ "$CHECK" -eq '1' ]] && check_update
  [[ "$REMOVE" -eq '1' ]] && remove_v2ray

  # Two very important variables
  TMP_DIRECTORY="$(mktemp -d)"
  ZIP_FILE="${TMP_DIRECTORY}/v2ray-linux-$MACHINE.zip"

  # Install V2Ray from a local file, but still need to make sure the network is available
  if [[ "$LOCAL_INSTALL" -eq '1' ]]; then
    echo 'warn: Install V2Ray from a local file, but still need to make sure the network is available.'
    echo -n 'warn: Please make sure the file is valid because we cannot confirm it. (Press any key) ...'
    read -r
    install_software 'unzip' 'unzip'
    decompression "$LOCAL_FILE"
  else
    # Normal way
    install_software 'curl' 'curl'
    get_version
    NUMBER="$?"
    if [[ "$NUMBER" -eq '0' ]] || [[ "$FORCE" -eq '1' ]] || [[ "$NUMBER" -eq 2 ]]; then
      echo "info: Installing V2Ray $RELEASE_VERSION for $(uname -m)"
      download_v2ray
      if [[ "$?" -eq '1' ]]; then
        "rm" -r "$TMP_DIRECTORY"
        echo "removed: $TMP_DIRECTORY"
        exit 1
      fi
      install_software 'unzip' 'unzip'
      decompression "$ZIP_FILE"
    elif [[ "$NUMBER" -eq '1' ]]; then
      echo "info: No new version. The current version of V2Ray is $CURRENT_VERSION ."
      exit 0
    fi
  fi

  # Determine if V2Ray is running
  if systemctl list-unit-files | grep -qw 'v2ray'; then
    if [[ -n "$(pidof v2ray)" ]]; then
      stop_v2ray
      V2RAY_RUNNING='1'
    fi
  fi
  install_v2ray
  install_startup_service_file
  echo 'installed: /usr/local/bin/v2ray'
  if [[ -f '/usr/local/bin/v2ctl' ]]; then
    echo 'installed: /usr/local/bin/v2ctl'
  fi
  # If the file exists, the content output of installing or updating geoip.dat and geosite.dat will not be displayed
  if [[ ! -f "${DAT_PATH}/.undat" ]]; then
    echo "installed: ${DAT_PATH}/geoip.dat"
    echo "installed: ${DAT_PATH}/geosite.dat"
  fi
  if [[ "$CONFIG_NEW" -eq '1' ]]; then
    echo "installed: ${JSON_PATH}/config.json"
  fi
  if [[ "$CONFDIR" -eq '1' ]]; then
    echo "installed: ${JSON_PATH}/00_log.json"
    echo "installed: ${JSON_PATH}/01_api.json"
    echo "installed: ${JSON_PATH}/02_dns.json"
    echo "installed: ${JSON_PATH}/03_routing.json"
    echo "installed: ${JSON_PATH}/04_policy.json"
    echo "installed: ${JSON_PATH}/05_inbounds.json"
    echo "installed: ${JSON_PATH}/06_outbounds.json"
    echo "installed: ${JSON_PATH}/07_transport.json"
    echo "installed: ${JSON_PATH}/08_stats.json"
    echo "installed: ${JSON_PATH}/09_reverse.json"
  fi
  if [[ "$LOG" -eq '1' ]]; then
    echo 'installed: /var/log/v2ray/'
    echo 'installed: /var/log/v2ray/access.log'
    echo 'installed: /var/log/v2ray/error.log'
  fi
  if [[ "$SYSTEMD" -eq '1' ]]; then
    echo 'installed: /etc/systemd/system/v2ray.service'
    echo 'installed: /etc/systemd/system/v2ray@.service'
  fi
  "rm" -r "$TMP_DIRECTORY"
  echo "removed: $TMP_DIRECTORY"
  if [[ "$LOCAL_INSTALL" -eq '1' ]]; then
    get_version
  fi
  echo "info: V2Ray $RELEASE_VERSION is installed."
  echo "You may need to execute a command to remove dependent software: $PACKAGE_MANAGEMENT_REMOVE curl unzip"
  if [[ "$V2RAY_RUNNING" -eq '1' ]]; then
    start_v2ray
  else
    echo 'Please execute the command: systemctl enable v2ray; systemctl start v2ray'
  fi
}

main "$@"

config.json

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{
  "log": {
    "access": "",
    "error": "",
    "loglevel": "warning"
  },
  "inbounds": [
    {
      "tag": "socks",
      "port": 10808,
      "listen": "127.0.0.1",
      "protocol": "socks",
      "sniffing": {
        "enabled": true,
        "destOverride": [
          "http",
          "tls"
        ]
      },
      "settings": {
        "auth": "noauth",
        "udp": true,
        "allowTransparent": false
      }
    },
    {
      "tag": "http",
      "port": 10809,
      "listen": "127.0.0.1",
      "protocol": "http",
      "sniffing": {
        "enabled": true,
        "destOverride": [
          "http",
          "tls"
        ]
      },
      "settings": {
        "auth": "noauth",
        "udp": true,
        "allowTransparent": false
      }
    }
  ],
  "outbounds": [
    {
      "tag": "proxy",
      "protocol": "vmess",
      "settings": {
        "vnext": [
          {
            "address": "songzy.cc",
            "port": 443,
            "users": [
              {
                "id": "899cbb8a-fad2-45bd-8608-8483956d641c",
                "alterId": 0,
                "email": "t@t.tt",
                "security": "auto"
              }
            ]
          }
        ]
      },
      "streamSettings": {
        "network": "ws",
        "security": "tls",
        "tlsSettings": {
          "allowInsecure": false,
          "fingerprint": ""
        },
        "wsSettings": {}
      },
      "mux": {
        "enabled": false,
        "concurrency": -1
      }
    },
    {
      "tag": "direct",
      "protocol": "freedom",
      "settings": {}
    },
    {
      "tag": "block",
      "protocol": "blackhole",
      "settings": {
        "response": {
          "type": "http"
        }
      }
    }
  ],
  "routing": {
    "domainStrategy": "IPIfNonMatch",
    "rules": [
      {
        "type": "field",
        "inboundTag": [
          "api"
        ],
        "outboundTag": "api",
        "enabled": true
      },
      {
        "type": "field",
        "outboundTag": "block",
        "domain": [
          "geosite:category-ads-all"
        ],
        "enabled": true
      },
      {
        "type": "field",
        "outboundTag": "direct",
        "domain": [
          "geosite:cn"
        ],
        "enabled": true
      },
      {
        "type": "field",
        "outboundTag": "direct",
        "ip": [
          "geoip:private",
          "geoip:cn"
        ],
        "enabled": true
      },
      {
        "type": "field",
        "port": "0-65535",
        "outboundTag": "proxy",
        "enabled": true
      }
    ]
  }
}

Note: remember to set the value inbounds.settings.clients.id correctly.

Tool

ChatGPT

大陆如何注册使用 ChatGPT，并将其升级到 Plus.

访问 https://chat.openai.com/：

  1. 首先需要翻墙，其次要用不那么著名的vps提供商。
    • 随机试了两个 vultr 的日本区和美区的ip都提示 blocked
    • 据说 bandwagon 也会 blocked
    • 解决法案：使用了 digitalocean 的美区机器成功访问

注册：

  1. 使用了 Gmail 邮箱
  2. 国外手机号收验证码
    • 据说 Google Voice 提供的虚拟手机号是不行的
    • 解决法案：使用了 sms activate 成功收到了验证码
      • 可以支付宝充值2美元
      • 使用了印度尼西亚区的号码

升级 Plus：

  1. 国内银行发行的 visa, AE 似乎都不行
    • 测试了中国银行的 visa 和招商银行的 AE 都提示 denied
  2. 解决方案：下载 ChatGPT 的 iOS App 使用 Apple Pay 充值
    • iOS 设备也需要翻墙，并在设置中修改所在地区为美国
    • 需要美区的 Apple ID
      • 下载 Shadowrocket 用于翻墙
      • 下载 ChatGPT
        • 要求 iOS 版本 >16.1：也就是 iPad Air 2 不行的意思
    • 美区 Apple ID 需要绑定美区 Paypal
    • 美区 Paypal 可以绑定国内银行发行的 visa,AE 卡
Tool

VSCode

https://github.com/microsoft/vscode

Settings

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{
    "workbench.startupEditor": "readme",
    "workbench.colorTheme": "Quiet Light",
    "window.titleBarStyle": "custom",
    "window.customTitleBarVisibility": "auto"
    "window.commandCenter": true,
    "editor.formatOnSave": true,
    "editor.formatOnSaveMode": "modifications",
    "editor.guides.bracketPairs": "active",
    "diffEditor.ignoreTrimWhitespace": false,
    "outline.showVariables": false,
    "scm.defaultViewMode": "tree",
    "git.autofetch": true,
    "git.autoStash": true,
    "terminal.integrated.defaultProfile.osx": "zsh",
    "terminal.integrated.fontFamily": "MesloLGS NF",
    "C_Cpp.clang_format_fallbackStyle": "{ BasedOnStyle: Google, IndentWidth: 4 }",
    "[python]": {
        "editor.defaultFormatter": "eeyore.yapf",
    },
    "yapf.args": [
        "--style",
        "{based_on_style: pep8, indent_width: 4}"
    ]
}

Font

https://github.com/microsoft/vscode/blob/main/src/vs/editor/common/config/editorOptions.ts:

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const DEFAULT_WINDOWS_FONT_FAMILY = 'Consolas, \'Courier New\', monospace';
const DEFAULT_MAC_FONT_FAMILY = 'Menlo, Monaco, \'Courier New\', monospace';
const DEFAULT_LINUX_FONT_FAMILY = '\'Droid Sans Mono\', \'monospace\', monospace';

How to check the current font being used:

“Toggle Developer Tools” and then search “font-family” under the “Elements” tab.

Monospace

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_typefaces#Monospace

Font Date Released
Arial 1982
Courier 1995
Trebuchet 1996
Menlo 1997
Bitstream Vera 2001
DejaVu 2004
Monaco 2004
Consolas 2007
Droid 2008
Roboto 2011
Monospace 2012
Noto 2013
Fira 2013
Cascadia 2019
JetBrains Mono 2020